下面是本人做的停车场管理的代码，感觉是队列的插入问题出问题，可是看不出来是什么，请高手们看看～
#include<stdio.h>
#include<Windows.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<time.h>
enum operation{
enter = 1,
inspot,
leave
};//车的状态，1为进入，2为在停车位中，3为离开
#define OK 0
#define ERROR 1
#define OVERFLOW -2
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
typedef int Status;
typedef int ElemType;
typedef struct Car{
ElemType number = 0;
clock_t entertime;
clock_t leavetime;
ElemType spotnum;
Car * next;
} *Queueptr;
typedef struct LinkedQueue{
Queueptr rear;
Queueptr front;
int length = 0;
}LinkedQueue;
//外部变量
ElemType inspotcar;
ElemType waitingcar;
char output[12][2] = { 0 };
char empty[12] = { 0 };
int pos_i = 13;
Status EnQueue(LinkedQueue &queue);
Status DeQueue(LinkedQueue &queue);
Status Enter(LinkedQueue &queue,LinkedQueue &linkedqueue_leave);
Status EnterQueue(LinkedQueue &queue);
ElemType Findusefulspot(void);
Status Leave(LinkedQueue &queue);
Status Checkempty(ElemType number);
Status Check(ElemType number);
Status InitQueue(LinkedQueue &queue);
Status InputInformation(LinkedQueue &linkedqueue, LinkedQueue &linkedqueue_leave);
Status Screen(LinkedQueue &linkedqueue, LinkedQueue &linkedqueue_leave);
Status Print(LinkedQueue &linkedqueue_leave);
Status EnterOrLeave(LinkedQueue &linkedqueue, LinkedQueue &linkedqueue_leave);
Status Information(LinkedQueue &linkedqueue);
Status Enterlie(LinkedQueue &queue);
ElemType FindStack(ElemType spotnum);
Status Operter(ElemType num, LinkedQueue &linkedqueue, LinkedQueue &linkedqueue_leave);
int main(void)
{
LinkedQueue linkedqueue;
LinkedQueue linkedqueue_leave;
srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
HANDLE hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
COORD pos = { 32, 11 };
SetConsoleTitle(TEXT("停车场管理"));
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOut, pos);
printf("停车场管理\n");
Sleep(1000);
InitQueue(linkedqueue);
InitQueue(linkedqueue_leave);
InputInformation(linkedqueue, linkedqueue_leave);
system("pause");
return 0;
}
Status InitQueue(LinkedQueue &queue)
{
queue.front = queue.rear = (Queueptr)malloc(sizeof(Car));
if (!queue.front){
exit(OVERFLOW);
}
queue.front->next = NULL;
return OK;
}
Status InputInformation(LinkedQueue &linkedqueue, LinkedQueue &linkedqueue_leave)
{
system("cls");
printf("共有多少车辆在排队中:");
scanf_s("%d", &waitingcar);
EnterQueue(linkedqueue);
Screen(linkedqueue, linkedqueue_leave);
return OK;
}
Status Screen(LinkedQueue &linkedqueue, LinkedQueue &linkedqueue_leave)
{
system("cls");
srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
inspotcar = (rand() % 12) + 1;
printf("停车场中已有%d辆车\n", inspotcar);
Information(linkedqueue_leave);
ElemType num = waitingcar + inspotcar;
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++){
system("cls");
printf(" ************************* \n");
printf(" * 1 2 3 * \n");
printf(" * * \n");
printf(" * 4 5 6 * \n");
printf("*********** ***********\n");
printf(" \n");
printf(" \n");
printf("*********** ***********\n");
printf(" * 7 8 9 * \n");
printf(" * * \n");
printf(" * 10 11 12 * \n");
printf(" ************************* \n");
Print(linkedqueue_leave);
Sleep(2000);
EnterOrLeave(linkedqueue, linkedqueue_leave);
}
system("pause");
return OK;
}
Status Print(LinkedQueue &linkedqueue_leave)
{
HANDLE hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
COORD pos;
pos = { 0, 13 };
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOut, pos);
fflush(stdout);
printf("正有%d辆车在排队", waitingcar);
pos = { 0, 14 };
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOut, pos);
printf("正有%d辆车在车场中", inspotcar);
fflush(stdout);
pos = { 0, 15 };
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOut, pos);
for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++){
printf("%d号车位有：", i + 1);
fflush(stdout);
if (output[i][1] == 0){
printf(" \n");
}
else{
printf("粤A%d\n", linkedqueue_leave.front->next->number);
linkedqueue_leave.front = linkedqueue_leave.front->next;
}
}
return OK;
}
Status Information(LinkedQueue &linkedqueue_leave)
{
for (int i = 0; i < inspotcar; i++){
Enterlie(linkedqueue_leave);
}
return OK;
}
Status Enterlie(LinkedQueue &linkedqueue_leave)
{
Queueptr point = (Queueptr)malloc(sizeof(Car));
if (!point){
exit(OVERFLOW);
}
point->entertime = clock();
point->number = (rand() % 9999) + 1;
//分配车位
ElemType num;
while (1){
num = rand() % 12;
if (Check(num) == OK){
output[num][0] = num + 1;
output[num][1] = 1;
point->spotnum = num;
break;
}
}
linkedqueue_leave.rear->next = point;
linkedqueue_leave.rear = point;
printf("hhhhh\n");
Sleep(100);
return OK;
}
Status Check(ElemType number)
{
if (output[number][1] == 0){
return OK;
}
else{
return ERROR;
}
}
Status EnterOrLeave(LinkedQueue &linkedqueue, LinkedQueue &linkedqueue_leave)
{
ElemType num;
if (waitingcar == 0){
num = leave;
}
else{
if ((rand() % 2) == 0){
num = leave;
}
else{
num = enter;
}
}
Operter(num, linkedqueue, linkedqueue_leave);
return OK;
}
Status Operter(ElemType num, LinkedQueue &linkedqueue, LinkedQueue &linkedqueue_leave)
{
if (num == enter){
Enter(linkedqueue,linkedqueue_leave);
}
else{
Leave(linkedqueue_leave);
}
return OK;
}
Status Enter(LinkedQueue &queue,LinkedQueue &linkedqueue_leave)
{
ElemType num = Findusefulspot();
if (num == 0){
return OK;
}
ElemType spot = (rand() % (num + 1));
queue.front->entertime = clock();
queue.front->spotnum = empty[spot] + 1;
output[empty[spot]][1] = 1;
DeQueue(queue);
EnQueue(linkedqueue_leave);
inspotcar += 1;
waitingcar -= 1;
return OK;
}
Status DeQueue(LinkedQueue &queue)
{
Queueptr point = queue.front;
queue.front = queue.front->next;
free(point);
return OK;
}
Status EnQueue(LinkedQueue &queue)
{
Queueptr point = (Queueptr)malloc(sizeof(Car));
queue.rear->next = point;
queue.rear = point;
return OK;
}
Status EnterQueue(LinkedQueue &linkedqueue)
{
for (int i = 0; i < waitingcar; i++){
EnQueue(linkedqueue);
}
return OK;
}
ElemType Findusefulspot(void)
{
if (inspotcar == 12){
return 0;
}
int j = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++){
if (output[i][1] == 0){
empty[j] = i;
j += 1;
}
}
Checkempty(j);
ElemType em[12];
ElemType k = 0;
for (int i = 0; i <= j; i++){
if (empty[i] == -1){
;
}
else{
em[k] = empty[i];
k += 1;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i <= k; i++){
empty[i] = em[i];
}
return k;
}
Status Checkempty(ElemType number)
{
for (int i = 0; i <= number; i++){
if (empty[i] == 0){
if ((output[1][1] == 1) && (output[3][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[3][1] == 1) && (output[4][1] == 1) && (output[5][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[4][1] == 1) && (output[3][1] == 1) && (output[2][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[1][1] == 1) && (output[3][1] == 1) && (output[4][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
}
if (empty[i] == 1){
if ((output[3][1] == 1) && (output[4][1] == 1) && (output[5][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[4][1] == 1) && (output[3][1] == 1) && (output[2][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[0][1] == 1) && (output[4][1] == 1) && (output[5][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[0][1] == 1) && (output[2][1] == 1) && (output[4][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
}
if (empty[i] == 2){
if ((output[3][1] == 1) && (output[4][1] == 1) && (output[5][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[1][1] == 1) && (output[5][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[0][1] == 1) && (output[4][1] == 1) && (output[5][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[1][1] == 1) && (output[4][1] == 1) && (output[5][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
}
if (empty[i] == 9){
if ((output[6][1] == 1) && (output[10][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[6][1] == 1) && (output[7][1] == 1) && (output[8][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[6][1] == 1) && (output[7][1] == 1) && (output[11][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[6][1] == 1) && (output[7][1] == 1) && (output[10][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
}
if (empty[i] == 10){
if ((output[6][1] == 1) && (output[7][1] == 1) && (output[8][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[6][1] == 1) && (output[7][1] == 1) && (output[11][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[7][1] == 1) && (output[8][1] == 1) && (output[9][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[7][1] == 1) && (output[9][1] == 1) && (output[11][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
}
if (empty[i] == 11){
if ((output[6][1] == 1) && (output[7][1] == 1) && (output[8][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[7][1] == 1) && (output[8][1] == 1) && (output[10][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[7][1] == 1) && (output[8][1] == 1) && (output[9][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
if ((output[8][1] == 1) && (output[10][1] == 1)){
empty[i] = -1;
}
}
}
return OK;
}
Status Leave(LinkedQueue &queue)
{
ElemType em[12];
ElemType j = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++){
if (output[i][1] == 1){
em[j] = i;
j += 1;
}
}
ElemType num = rand() % j;
output[em[num]][1] = 0;
inspotcar -= 1;
HANDLE hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
COORD pos = { 0, 27 };
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOut, pos);
printf("车牌为粤A%d的车出停车场，总停时间为：%.3lf秒", queue.front->number, ((double)(((queue.front->leavetime) - (queue.front->leavetime)) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC)));
DeQueue(queue);
Sleep(1000);
pos_i += 1;
return OK;
}
解决方案
30
仅供参考：
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
void ConPrint(char *CharBuffer, int len);
void ConPrintAt(int x, int y, char *CharBuffer, int len);
void gotoXY(int x, int y);
void ClearConsole(void);
void ClearConsoleToColors(int ForgC, int BackC);
void SetColorAndBackground(int ForgC, int BackC);
void SetColor(int ForgC);
void HideTheCursor(void);
void ShowTheCursor(void);
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
HideTheCursor();
ClearConsoleToColors(15, 1);
ClearConsole();
gotoXY(1, 1);
SetColor(14);
printf("This is a test...\n");
Sleep(5000);
ShowTheCursor();
SetColorAndBackground(15, 12);
ConPrint("This is also a test...\n", 23);
SetColorAndBackground(1, 7);
ConPrintAt(22, 15, "This is also a test...\n", 23);
gotoXY(0, 24);
SetColorAndBackground(7, 1);
return 0;
}
//This will clear the console while setting the forground and
//background colors.
void ClearConsoleToColors(int ForgC, int BackC)
{
WORD wColor = ((BackC & 0x0F) << 4) + (ForgC & 0x0F);
//Get the handle to the current output buffer...
HANDLE hStdOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
//This is used to reset the carat/cursor to the top left.
COORD coord = {0, 0};
//A return value... indicating how many chars were written
//not used but we need to capture this since it will be
//written anyway (passing NULL causes an access violation).
DWORD count;
//This is a structure containing all of the console info
// it is used here to find the size of the console.
CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi;
//Here we will set the current color
SetConsoleTextAttribute(hStdOut, wColor);
if(GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hStdOut, &csbi))
{
//This fills the buffer with a given character (in this case 32=space).
FillConsoleOutputCharacter(hStdOut, (TCHAR) 32, csbi.dwSize.X * csbi.dwSize.Y, coord, &count);
FillConsoleOutputAttribute(hStdOut, csbi.wAttributes, csbi.dwSize.X * csbi.dwSize.Y, coord, &count);
//This will set our cursor position for the next print statement.
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hStdOut, coord);
}
}
//This will clear the console.
void ClearConsole()
{
//Get the handle to the current output buffer...
HANDLE hStdOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
//This is used to reset the carat/cursor to the top left.
COORD coord = {0, 0};
//A return value... indicating how many chars were written
// not used but we need to capture this since it will be
// written anyway (passing NULL causes an access violation).
DWORD count;
//This is a structure containing all of the console info
// it is used here to find the size of the console.
CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi;
//Here we will set the current color
if(GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hStdOut, &csbi))
{
//This fills the buffer with a given character (in this case 32=space).
FillConsoleOutputCharacter(hStdOut, (TCHAR) 32, csbi.dwSize.X * csbi.dwSize.Y, coord, &count);
FillConsoleOutputAttribute(hStdOut, csbi.wAttributes, csbi.dwSize.X * csbi.dwSize.Y, coord, &count);
//This will set our cursor position for the next print statement.
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hStdOut, coord);
}
}
//This will set the position of the cursor
void gotoXY(int x, int y)
{
//Initialize the coordinates
COORD coord = {x, y};
//Set the position
SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord);
}
//This will set the forground color for printing in a console window.
void SetColor(int ForgC)
{
WORD wColor;
//We will need this handle to get the current background attribute
HANDLE hStdOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi;
//We use csbi for the wAttributes word.
if(GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hStdOut, &csbi))
{
//Mask out all but the background attribute, and add in the forgournd color
wColor = (csbi.wAttributes & 0xF0) + (ForgC & 0x0F);
SetConsoleTextAttribute(hStdOut, wColor);
}
}
//This will set the forground and background color for printing in a console window.
void SetColorAndBackground(int ForgC, int BackC)
{
WORD wColor = ((BackC & 0x0F) << 4) + (ForgC & 0x0F);;
SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), wColor);
}
//Direct console output
void ConPrint(char *CharBuffer, int len)
{
DWORD count;
WriteConsole(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), CharBuffer, len, &count, NULL);
}
//Direct Console output at a particular coordinate.
void ConPrintAt(int x, int y, char *CharBuffer, int len)
{
DWORD count;
COORD coord = {x, y};
HANDLE hStdOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
SetConsoleCursorPosition(hStdOut, coord);
WriteConsole(hStdOut, CharBuffer, len, &count, NULL);
}
//Hides the console cursor
void HideTheCursor()
{
CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cciCursor;
HANDLE hStdOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
if(GetConsoleCursorInfo(hStdOut, &cciCursor))
{
cciCursor.bVisible = FALSE;
SetConsoleCursorInfo(hStdOut, &cciCursor);
}
}
//Shows the console cursor
void ShowTheCursor()
{
CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cciCursor;
HANDLE hStdOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
if(GetConsoleCursorInfo(hStdOut, &cciCursor))
{
cciCursor.bVisible = TRUE;
SetConsoleCursorInfo(hStdOut, &cciCursor);
}
}
20
出现错误是：0xC0000005: 读取位置 0xCDCDCDDD 时发生访问冲突。
这是对未初始化过的堆上申请的变量进行了操作。
printf(“粤A%d\n”, linkedqueue_leave.front->next->number);你这句的linkedqueue_leave.front->next并没有对其赋过值
这是对未初始化过的堆上申请的变量进行了操作。
printf(“粤A%d\n”, linkedqueue_leave.front->next->number);你这句的linkedqueue_leave.front->next并没有对其赋过值
60
大佬不敢当，调过了就好。
未初始化变量调试起来确实比较头疼，所以Effective系列都推荐 使用前定义，定义伴随初始化
未初始化变量调试起来确实比较头疼，所以Effective系列都推荐 使用前定义，定义伴随初始化
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